The correct answer is D. Madras and Bombay.
The Ryotwari Settlement was a land revenue system introduced by the British East India Company in the Madras and Bombay Presidencies of India in the early 19th century. Under this system, individual cultivators (ryots) were given permanent ownership of their land in return for a fixed annual tax. This system was designed to increase agricultural production and revenue for the British government.
The Ryotwari Settlement was not without its critics. Some argued that it gave too much power to the ryots and not enough to the government. Others argued that it led to the exploitation of the ryots by moneylenders and landlords. However, the Ryotwari Settlement remained in place for many years and was eventually adopted by other parts of India.
The other options are incorrect. Calcutta was the capital of British India from 1773 to 1911. Jhansi was a princely state in India that was annexed by the British in 1853. Awadh was a province in northern India that was annexed by the British in 1856.