The rivers of North-West Europe are good examples of

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parallel pattern of drainage.

radial pattern of drainage.

barbed pattern of drainage.

trellis pattern of drainage.

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UPSC NDA-2 – 2019

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The trellis pattern of drainage is characteristic of regions with folded topography and alternating layers of resistant and less resistant rocks. Rivers flow along the strike of the less resistant rocks, and tributaries join at right angles, cutting across the resistant ridges. While North-West Europe has varied terrain, folded structures are present in some areas (e.g., parts of the Paris Basin, the Ardennes, parts of Germany bordering NW Europe), leading to the development of trellis drainage patterns in those regions.

Different drainage patterns (dendritic, trellis, radial, parallel, rectangular, barbed, etc.) develop depending on the underlying geological structure, topography, and rock type. Trellis drainage is strongly controlled by geological structure, specifically folded rocks.

Dendritic pattern is the most common pattern and develops on uniform rock strata. Radial pattern develops around a central elevated point (like a volcano or dome). Parallel pattern occurs on uniformly sloping surfaces. Rectangular pattern is found in areas with jointed or faulted bedrock. Barbed pattern occurs when a tributary joins a main river in the opposite direction of the main river’s flow, often indicating river capture.

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