The correct answer is: d) All of the above.
The Revolt of 1857, also known as the Indian Rebellion of 1857, the Sepoy Mutiny, the Indian Mutiny, or the First War of Indian Independence, was a major uprising in India in 1857 against the rule of the British East India Company. The revolt began on 10 May 1857 with the mutiny of the 3rd Bengal Native Infantry at Meerut, and spread quickly to other parts of northern India. The rebels were motivated by a variety of factors, including religious and economic grievances, as well as resentment of British rule. The revolt was ultimately unsuccessful, but it had a profound impact on British rule in India.
The revolt has been variously interpreted as a war of independence, a mutiny by disgruntled soldiers, and a peasant uprising. It is important to note that these interpretations are not mutually exclusive. The revolt was a complex event with multiple causes and motivations. It is likely that different people involved in the revolt had different understandings of what they were fighting for.
The interpretation of the revolt as a war of independence is based on the fact that the rebels were fighting against British rule. They were motivated by a desire to overthrow British rule and establish an independent Indian state. The rebels also had a number of grievances against British rule, including religious and economic grievances.
The interpretation of the revolt as a mutiny by disgruntled soldiers is based on the fact that the revolt began with the mutiny of the 3rd Bengal Native Infantry at Meerut. The mutineers were soldiers who were unhappy with their conditions of service and with the British officers who commanded them. They were also motivated by religious and economic grievances.
The interpretation of the revolt as a peasant uprising is based on the fact that many of the rebels were peasants. The peasants were unhappy with British rule, which they saw as oppressive and exploitative. They were also motivated by religious and economic grievances.
It is important to note that these interpretations are not mutually exclusive. The revolt was a complex event with multiple causes and motivations. It is likely that different people involved in the revolt had different understandings of what they were fighting for.