The correct answer is: A. Kerala coastal plain
The Kerala coastal plain is a region of India that has a typical dispersed rural settlement pattern. This means that the villages in this region are spread out over a large area, with little or no urban development. The main reason for this is the geography of the region. The Kerala coastal plain is a narrow strip of land that is bordered by the Arabian Sea on one side and the Western Ghats mountains on the other. This makes it difficult to build large cities in this region, as there is limited space and the terrain is often hilly.
The dispersed rural settlement pattern of the Kerala coastal plain has a number of advantages and disadvantages. One advantage is that it allows for the preservation of the natural environment. The villages in this region are often located in areas of forests or wetlands, which are protected from development. This helps to maintain the biodiversity of the region.
Another advantage of the dispersed rural settlement pattern is that it provides a more sustainable way of life for the people who live there. The villages in this region are often self-sufficient, with their own farms, schools, and healthcare facilities. This means that they are less reliant on external resources, which can be helpful in times of economic hardship.
However, the dispersed rural settlement pattern also has some disadvantages. One disadvantage is that it can be difficult to provide basic services to the people who live in these villages. Schools, hospitals, and other essential services may be located far away, which can make it difficult for people to access them.
Another disadvantage of the dispersed rural settlement pattern is that it can make it difficult to maintain infrastructure. Roads, bridges, and other infrastructure may be in poor condition, which can make it difficult for people to travel and transport goods.
Overall, the dispersed rural settlement pattern of the Kerala coastal plain has both advantages and disadvantages. It is important to weigh these factors carefully when considering the future development of this region.