The correct answer is: D. Scattering of light.
Scattering is the phenomenon that causes light to be redirected or scattered in many directions by particles of a much smaller wavelength. Sunlight is scattered by the tiny molecules of air in Earth’s atmosphere. Blue light is scattered more than the other colors because it travels as shorter, smaller waves. This is why we see a blue sky most of the time.
At sunrise and sunset, the sunlight has to travel through more of the atmosphere to reach our eyes. The blue light is scattered so much that most of it is absorbed by the atmosphere, leaving behind the warmer colors like red, orange, and yellow. This is why sunrises and sunsets are often so colorful.
Refraction is the bending of light as it passes from one medium to another. Reflection is the bouncing of light off a surface. Dispersion is the separation of light into its component colors.