The correct answer is: A. less than 1.
The shear stress on the bed of a channel is due to the water flowing over it. The shear stress on the banks of a channel is due to the water flowing past them. The shear stress on the bed is greater than the shear stress on the banks because the water is flowing faster over the bed than it is past the banks.
The shear stress on a surface is defined as the force per unit area acting parallel to the surface. The shear stress on the bed of a channel is due to the water flowing over it. The water exerts a force on the bed, and this force is parallel to the bed. The shear stress on the banks of a channel is due to the water flowing past them. The water exerts a force on the banks, and this force is parallel to the banks. The shear stress on the bed is greater than the shear stress on the banks because the water is flowing faster over the bed than it is past the banks.
The faster the water flows, the greater the shear stress. The water flows faster over the bed than it does past the banks, so the shear stress on the bed is greater than the shear stress on the banks.