The correct answer is: A. Universalization of primary education.
The purpose of basic education scheme is to provide free and compulsory education to all children in the age group of 6-14 years. It aims to achieve universalization of primary education and to improve the quality of education.
Option B is incorrect because the purpose of basic education scheme is not to vocationalize education. Vocational education is a type of education that prepares students for specific jobs or careers. Basic education, on the other hand, is a general education that provides students with the knowledge and skills they need to succeed in life.
Option C is incorrect because the purpose of basic education scheme is not to fulfill basic needs of persons through education. Basic needs are the things that people need to survive and live a healthy life. Education is not one of these basic needs.
Option D is incorrect because the purpose of basic education scheme is not to make education compulsory for all. Compulsory education is a law that requires all children to attend school. The basic education scheme is not a law. It is a government program that aims to provide free and compulsory education to all children.