The properties necessary to guarantee a reliable transaction in databases and other applications is referred to as . . . . . . . .

The correct answer is D. All of the mentioned.

The properties necessary to guarantee a reliable transaction in databases and other applications is referred to as ACID properties. ACID stands for Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, and Durability.

• Atomicity: A transaction is either completed in its entirety or not at all. This means that if any part of a transaction fails, the entire transaction is rolled back and the database is restored to its original state.
• Consistency: Once a transaction is committed, the database is guaranteed to be in a consistent state. This means that the data will be accurate and complete.
• Isolation: Transactions are isolated from each other until they are committed. This means that one transaction cannot interfere with another transaction.
• Durability: Once a transaction is committed, it is guaranteed to be permanent. This means that the data will not be lost even if there is a power outage or other system failure.

ACID properties are essential for ensuring the reliability of transactions in databases and other applications.