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The process through which groundwater is brought up to the surface is

June 1, 2025 by rawan239

The process through which groundwater is brought up to the surface is called

eluviation

illuviation

capillary action

desilication

This question was previously asked in

UPSC Geoscientist – 2022

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Capillary action is the phenomenon where a liquid moves up through a narrow space against the force of gravity. In the context of soil, this occurs because water molecules are attracted to soil particles (adhesion) and to each other (cohesion). These forces, combined with surface tension, draw water upwards through the pore spaces in the soil from the water table below, bringing groundwater closer to or onto the surface (known as capillary rise).

– Capillary action allows water to move upwards in narrow tubes or porous materials.
– It is a key mechanism for the upward movement of groundwater in soil.
– Adhesion, cohesion, and surface tension are the forces involved.

Eluviation and illuviation are processes related to the movement and accumulation of soil materials within different soil horizons, primarily driven by percolating water moving downwards. Desilication is a weathering process that removes silica from minerals, common in tropical climates but not the process that brings groundwater to the surface.

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