The process of Podsolization is predominantly found in :

The process of Podsolization is predominantly found in :

Equatorial forest
Monsoon forest
Taiga forest
Mediterranean forest
This question was previously asked in
UPSC NDA-1 – 2023
The correct answer is C) Taiga forest.
Podsolization is a soil-forming process that occurs in cool, humid climates, typically under coniferous forests (Taiga) or heathland vegetation. The acidic litter from coniferous trees releases organic acids which, combined with heavy rainfall, lead to the leaching (removal) of base cations, iron, and aluminum from the upper soil horizons (specifically the A and E horizons). These leached materials are then deposited in the illuvial (B) horizon, creating a distinct profile with a greyish-white or ash-coloured E horizon over a reddish-brown or black B horizon. Equatorial forests experience laterization, monsoon forests experience different leaching and deposition patterns, and Mediterranean forests are often subject to calcification or rubefaction due to dry summers and different vegetation.
Soils formed by podsolization are called Podsols. They are generally acidic and low in fertility, posing challenges for agriculture without significant amendments. The term “Podsol” comes from Russian words meaning “under ash,” referring to the characteristic greyish-white E horizon.
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