The process of converting digital signals to analog signals is known

The process of converting digital signals to analog signals is known as

demodulation
modulation
transmission
conversion
This question was previously asked in
UPSC CBI DSP LDCE – 2023
The correct answer is B) modulation.
Modulation is the process of varying one or more properties of a periodic waveform (the carrier signal) with a modulating signal, which typically contains the information to be transmitted. When transmitting digital data over an analog medium (like telephone lines or radio waves), the digital signal is used to modulate an analog carrier. This process effectively converts the digital information into an analog signal that can be transmitted.
Demodulation is the reverse process, extracting the original information-bearing signal from the modulated carrier, often converting an analog signal back into a digital signal at the receiving end. Transmission is the act of sending signals. Conversion is a general term and not specific to this process in communication systems. In the context of digital communication over analog channels, the conversion of digital signals to analog signals for transmission is achieved through modulation.