The process not needed in experimental research is

Observation
Controlling
Manipulation and replication
Reference collection

The correct answer is D. Reference collection.

Experimental research is a type of scientific research in which a hypothesis is tested by manipulating one variable and observing the effect on another variable. The other three options are all necessary steps in experimental research.

  • Observation is the process of gathering data about the phenomenon being studied.
  • Controlling is the process of keeping all variables except the one being manipulated constant.
  • Manipulation is the process of changing the value of the variable being studied.
  • Replication is the process of repeating the experiment to ensure that the results are reliable.

A reference collection is a collection of materials that can be used to support research, such as books, articles, and websites. However, it is not a necessary step in experimental research.

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