The principal use of hydrofluoric acid is

by

The principal use of hydrofluoric acid is

in etching glass
as a bleaching agent
as an extremely strong oxidizing agent
in the preparation of strong organic fluorine compounds
This question was previously asked in
UPSC NDA-2 – 2017
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The principal use of hydrofluoric acid is related to its unique property of reacting with silicon dioxide (silica).
Hydrofluoric acid (HF) is highly corrosive and capable of dissolving many materials, particularly oxides and silicates. Its ability to react with SiO₂, the main component of glass, allows it to etch glass surfaces. This reaction is: SiO₂ + 4HF → SiF₄ + 2H₂O. This property is exploited extensively in industries for etching glass, cleaning silicon wafers in electronics, and polishing metals.
While HF is used in the production of organic fluorine compounds, as a catalyst, and in other chemical processes, etching glass and processing silicon are widely cited as principal or distinctive uses due to its unique reactivity with silicates. It is not primarily a bleaching agent or an extremely strong oxidizing agent.

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