The correct answer is: A) Rainfed agriculture.
Rainfed agriculture is the practice of growing crops without the use of irrigation. It is the most common type of agriculture in the world, accounting for about 80% of all agricultural land. Rainfed agriculture is practiced in a variety of climates, from tropical to temperate to arid.
In Madhya Pradesh, rainfed agriculture is the predominant type of agriculture. About 70% of the state’s agricultural land is rainfed. Rainfed agriculture is practiced in the state’s dryland areas, which are located in the northern and western parts of the state.
Rainfed agriculture is a risky type of agriculture. Crop yields are often low and variable due to fluctuations in rainfall. However, rainfed agriculture is a sustainable type of agriculture. It does not require the use of expensive inputs, such as fertilizers and pesticides.
Irrigated agriculture is the practice of growing crops with the use of artificial irrigation. It is a more intensive type of agriculture than rainfed agriculture. Irrigated agriculture is practiced in areas where rainfall is insufficient to support crop growth.
Plantation agriculture is the practice of growing crops on large, single-crop plantations. Plantation agriculture is often associated with the cultivation of cash crops, such as coffee, tea, and rubber.
Shifting cultivation is a type of agriculture in which land is cleared for cultivation and then abandoned after a few years. Shifting cultivation is often practiced in tropical rainforests.
In conclusion, the predominant type of agriculture practiced in Madhya Pradesh is rainfed agriculture. Rainfed agriculture is a risky type of agriculture, but it is a sustainable type of agriculture.