The correct answer is: a) Red and lateritic soils.
Red and lateritic soils are the predominant soil type found in Meghalaya. These soils are formed by the weathering of igneous rocks and are characterized by their high iron content. They are also relatively acidic and have low fertility.
Alluvial soils are formed by the deposition of sediments from rivers and streams. They are typically found in floodplains and deltas. Alluvial soils are generally fertile and well-drained.
Black cotton soils are found in semi-arid regions. They are characterized by their high organic matter content and dark color. Black cotton soils are fertile but can be difficult to work when they are wet.
Desert soils are found in arid regions. They are characterized by their low organic matter content and light color. Desert soils are not very fertile and can be difficult to grow crops in.