The policy of “Doctrine of Lapse” applied by the British led to:

The correct answer is: a) Annexation of princely states.

The Doctrine of Lapse was a British policy that stated that if a princely state had no male heir, the British would annex the state. This policy was applied by the British East India Company in the early 19th century, and it led to the annexation of many princely states in India.

The Doctrine of Lapse was controversial, and it was opposed by many Indian nationalists. However, the British government defended the policy, arguing that it was necessary to maintain order and stability in India.

The Doctrine of Lapse was finally abolished in 1947, when India gained independence from the British. However, the policy had a lasting impact on the history of India, and it is still debated today.

Here is a brief explanation of each option:

• Option a: Annexation of princely states. The Doctrine of Lapse led to the annexation of many princely states in India.
• Option b: Restoration of traditional rulers. The Doctrine of Lapse did not lead to the restoration of traditional rulers.
• Option c: Expansion of zamindari rights. The Doctrine of Lapse did not lead to the expansion of zamindari rights.
• Option d: Land reforms. The Doctrine of Lapse did not lead to land reforms.