The correct answer is: a) India and Pakistan.
The Partition of India was the division of British India into two independent dominions, India and Pakistan, on 15 August 1947. The partition was accompanied by an unprecedented mass migration and violence, with estimates of casualties ranging from 200,000 to 1 million.
The Punjab region was divided between India and Pakistan, with the majority of the Muslim population going to Pakistan and the majority of the Hindu and Sikh population going to India. The partition of Punjab was one of the most violent and chaotic parts of the partition of India.
Option b) is incorrect because Bangladesh was not created until 1971. Option c) is incorrect because North India and South India are not separate countries. Option d) is incorrect because the partition of Punjab was not based on religious majority.