The part of the human ear that converts the pressure variations associ

The part of the human ear that converts the pressure variations associated with audible sound waves to electrical signals is

auditory nerve
cochlea
eardrum
eustachian tube
This question was previously asked in
UPSC NDA-2 – 2022
The cochlea is the part of the human ear responsible for converting the mechanical vibrations caused by sound waves into electrical signals.
– Sound waves enter the ear canal and cause the eardrum (tympanic membrane) to vibrate.
– These vibrations are transmitted through the middle ear ossicles (malleus, incus, and stapes) to the oval window.
– The oval window’s movement creates pressure variations in the fluid within the cochlea, which is a spiral-shaped structure in the inner ear.
– The cochlea contains the organ of Corti, which houses tiny hair cells. These hair cells are mechanoreceptors that are stimulated by the fluid movements.
– When stimulated, the hair cells generate electrical signals, which are then transmitted to the brain via the auditory nerve.
The auditory nerve transmits the electrical signals from the cochlea to the brain for processing. The eardrum is a membrane that vibrates in response to sound waves, transmitting these vibrations to the middle ear bones. The Eustachian tube connects the middle ear to the nasopharynx and helps equalize pressure.
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