The outer membrane that covers the brain is

Myelin sheath
Dura mater
Arachnoid membrane
Pia mater

The correct answer is: B. Dura mater

The dura mater is the outermost of the three meninges that surround the brain and spinal cord. It is a thick, tough membrane that protects the central nervous system from injury. The dura mater is made up of two layers: the outer layer, called the periosteal layer, is attached to the skull; and the inner layer, called the meningeal layer, is attached to the arachnoid mater. The dura mater is filled with a small amount of cerebrospinal fluid, which helps to cushion the brain and spinal cord.

The other options are incorrect because:

  • Myelin sheath is a layer of fatty tissue that insulates nerve fibers.
  • Arachnoid membrane is a thin, delicate membrane that lies between the dura mater and the pia mater.
  • Pia mater is the innermost of the three meninges that surround the brain and spinal cord. It is a thin, vascular membrane that is closely attached to the surface of the brain and spinal cord.