The correct answer is: Their proportion in the state’s population.
The number of seats reserved for Scheduled Castes (SCs) in the Bihar Legislative Assembly is determined by their proportion in the state’s population. This is in accordance with the provisions of the Constitution of India, which mandates that seats be reserved for SCs and Scheduled Tribes in the legislative assemblies of states and the Union Parliament. The number of seats reserved for SCs in each state is determined by the Election Commission of India, which is the body responsible for conducting elections in India. The Election Commission takes into account the latest census data to determine the proportion of SCs in the state’s population and then allocates seats accordingly.
The other options are incorrect. The decision of the Election Commission is not the only factor that determines the number of seats reserved for SCs in the Bihar Legislative Assembly. The proportion of SCs in the state’s population is also a factor. A resolution of the state legislature cannot change the number of seats reserved for SCs. Negotiation between political parties is not a factor in determining the number of seats reserved for SCs.