The correct answer is: d) All of the above
Punjab is a state in northwestern India. It is one of the most prosperous states in India, with a strong agricultural economy. However, the natural vegetation of Punjab has been largely modified due to extensive agriculture, urbanization, and industrialization.
Extensive agriculture has led to the clearing of forests and the cultivation of land for crops. This has resulted in the loss of biodiversity and the degradation of the environment. Urbanization has also led to the loss of natural vegetation, as land is converted to urban use. Industrialization has also had a negative impact on the environment, as factories release pollutants into the air and water.
The combined effects of extensive agriculture, urbanization, and industrialization have had a significant impact on the natural vegetation of Punjab. The loss of natural vegetation has led to the loss of biodiversity, the degradation of the environment, and the increased risk of flooding and drought.
In order to protect the natural vegetation of Punjab, it is important to reduce the impact of agriculture, urbanization, and industrialization. This can be done by adopting sustainable agricultural practices, developing greenbelts around cities, and enforcing environmental regulations.