The correct answer is: a) Rice, wheat, and pulses.
The National Food Security Mission (NFSM) is a government of India scheme launched in 2007 to increase the production of rice, wheat, and pulses. The scheme aims to achieve self-sufficiency in these crops and to improve the nutritional security of the country.
The NFSM has been implemented in three phases. The first phase (2007-2012) focused on increasing production through the use of improved seeds, fertilizers, and irrigation. The second phase (2013-2017) focused on improving the productivity of these crops through the use of new technologies and practices. The third phase (2018-2022) focuses on ensuring the sustainability of the production of these crops by promoting organic farming and climate-resilient agriculture.
The NFSM has been successful in increasing the production of rice, wheat, and pulses. The production of rice has increased by 20%, the production of wheat has increased by 15%, and the production of pulses has increased by 10%. The NFSM has also been successful in improving the nutritional security of the country. The number of people who are undernourished has decreased by 20%.
The NFSM has faced some challenges, such as the rising cost of inputs, the shortage of water, and the impact of climate change. However, the scheme has been successful in achieving its objectives and has made a significant contribution to the food security of the country.
The other options are incorrect because they are not the focus of the National Food Security Mission. Fruits and vegetables, oilseeds, and spices are important crops, but they are not the focus of the NFSM.