The correct answer is (a) Akbar.
Akbar was the third Mughal emperor, who ruled from 1556 to 1605. He was a great patron of the arts, and under his patronage, the Mughal style of painting developed. This style was characterized by its use of bright colors, its realistic depiction of people and animals, and its use of perspective.
Humayun was Akbar’s father, who ruled from 1530 to 1540. He was also a patron of the arts, but his reign was cut short by his defeat at the Battle of Panipat in 1540.
Jehangir was Akbar’s son, who ruled from 1605 to 1627. He was also a patron of the arts, but his style of painting was more naturalistic than his father’s.
Shah Jahan was Akbar’s grandson, who ruled from 1628 to 1658. He was a great builder, but he was not a patron of the arts.
The Mughal style of painting continued to develop after Akbar’s death, but it never reached the same heights of achievement.