The correct answer is (c) Iraq.
Iraq is the most drought-prone country in the world, with an average of 10 droughts per decade. The country is located in a region that is prone to droughts, and its climate is characterized by hot, dry summers and mild, wet winters. The main causes of drought in Iraq are climate change, human activity, and water mismanagement.
Climate change is a major factor in the increasing frequency and severity of droughts in Iraq. The average temperature in Iraq has increased by about 2 degrees Celsius since the early 20th century, and this warming is expected to continue. This warming is causing the snowpack in the mountains of Iraq to melt earlier in the year, which is reducing the amount of water available for irrigation and drinking.
Human activity is another major factor in the increasing frequency and severity of droughts in Iraq. The country has been experiencing rapid population growth in recent decades, and this growth has put a strain on the country’s water resources. In addition, Iraq has been involved in several wars in recent decades, and these wars have damaged the country’s infrastructure and made it more difficult to manage its water resources.
Water mismanagement is another major factor in the increasing frequency and severity of droughts in Iraq. The country has been using its water resources inefficiently, and this has contributed to the depletion of the country’s groundwater resources. In addition, Iraq has been building dams and other water infrastructure projects that have disrupted the flow of water in the country’s rivers and streams.
The droughts in Iraq have had a devastating impact on the country’s economy and society. The droughts have caused widespread crop failures, which have led to food shortages and price increases. The droughts have also caused widespread livestock deaths, which have led to a decline in the country’s meat production. In addition, the droughts have forced millions of people to leave their homes in search of water and food.
The government of Iraq is taking steps to address the problem of drought. The government is investing in water infrastructure projects, such as dams and pipelines, to improve the country’s water supply. The government is also working to improve the efficiency of water use in the country. In addition, the government is providing assistance to the people who have been affected by the droughts.