The mismatch in the regional or occupational pattern of job vacancies

The mismatch in the regional or occupational pattern of job vacancies and the pattern of worker availability results in

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Structural unemployment

Disguised unemployment

Altered unemployment

Cyclical unemployment

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This question was previously asked in

UPSC CDS-1 – 2021

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Structural unemployment arises from a mismatch between the skills, knowledge, or location of the workforce and the requirements or locations of available jobs. This can be due to technological changes, shifts in the economy’s structure, or geographical immobility of workers. The description in the question, a mismatch in regional or occupational patterns of job vacancies and worker availability, perfectly fits the definition of structural unemployment.

– Structural unemployment is long-term unemployment caused by fundamental shifts in the economy.
– It persists even when the economy is healthy because workers lack the necessary skills or are in the wrong location.
– Disguised unemployment is when more people are employed than necessary (often in agriculture).
– Cyclical unemployment is tied to the business cycle, rising during recessions and falling during expansions.

Addressing structural unemployment often requires policies focused on education, training, retraining, and facilitating labour mobility to help workers adapt to the changing demands of the labour market.

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