The correct answer is (a) Jammu and Kashmir.
The percentage of population below the poverty line in Jammu and Kashmir is 11.1%, which is the lowest among all states in India. This is due to a number of factors, including the state’s relatively low population density, its large rural population, and its relatively high level of government spending on social welfare programs.
Punjab has a poverty rate of 12.8%, Haryana has a poverty rate of 14.2%, and Goa has a poverty rate of 14.7%. These states have higher poverty rates than Jammu and Kashmir due to a number of factors, including their higher population densities, their smaller rural populations, and their lower levels of government spending on social welfare programs.
It is important to note that the poverty rate is a measure of the percentage of the population that lives below a certain income threshold. This threshold is set by the government and is based on the cost of a basic basket of goods and services. The poverty rate is not a perfect measure of poverty, as it does not take into account factors such as wealth inequality and access to education and healthcare. However, it is a useful tool for tracking changes in poverty over time and for comparing poverty rates across different countries and regions.