The correct answer is: B. After
The maximum in daytime surface temperature typically occurs after the Earth receives its most intense solar radiation. This is because it takes time for the Earth’s surface to heat up. The Sun’s rays are absorbed by the Earth’s atmosphere, and this heat is then transferred to the Earth’s surface. The Earth’s surface then heats up and radiates heat back into the atmosphere. This process takes time, so the Earth’s surface temperature is typically highest after the Sun’s rays have been absorbed by the atmosphere.
Option A: Before is incorrect because the Earth’s surface temperature is typically highest after the Sun’s rays have been absorbed by the atmosphere.
Option C: Exactly when is incorrect because the Earth’s surface temperature is typically highest after the Sun’s rays have been absorbed by the atmosphere.
Option D: Long time is incorrect because the Earth’s surface temperature is typically highest after the Sun’s rays have been absorbed by the atmosphere.