The major product of the following reaction is:
The answer is A.
This is because the reaction is an electrophilic aromatic substitution reaction. In this type of reaction, an electrophile (a species that is electron-deficient) attacks an aromatic ring. The electrophile in this case is the carbocation formed by the protonation of the amine. The carbocation is a very reactive species, and it will attack the aromatic ring at the position that is most electron-rich. The most electron-rich position in the aromatic ring is the ortho and para positions to the amine group. This is because the amine group is an electron-donating group, and it will donate electrons to the aromatic ring. The carbocation will therefore attack the aromatic ring at the ortho or para position to the amine group, and the product will be a substituted aromatic compound.
Option B is incorrect because the carbocation would not be able to attack the aromatic ring at the meta position. The meta position is the least electron-rich position in the aromatic ring, and the carbocation is a very reactive species. The carbocation would therefore prefer to attack the aromatic ring at the ortho or para positions, which are more electron-rich.
Option C is incorrect because the carbocation would not be able to attack the aromatic ring at the carbonyl group. The carbonyl group is a very electron-withdrawing group, and it would destabilize the carbocation. The carbocation would therefore prefer to attack the aromatic ring at a position that is not adjacent to the carbonyl group.
Option D is incorrect because the carbocation would not be able to attack the aromatic ring at the ester group. The ester group is a very electron-withdrawing group, and it would destabilize the carbocation. The carbocation would therefore prefer to attack the aromatic ring at a position that is not adjacent to the ester group.