The correct answer is C. turbulent flow.
Laminar flow is a type of fluid flow in which the fluid particles move in smooth, parallel layers. Transition flow is a type of fluid flow that occurs between laminar flow and turbulent flow. Turbulent flow is a type of fluid flow in which the fluid particles move in a chaotic, unpredictable manner. Critical flow is a type of fluid flow that occurs when the fluid velocity reaches a critical value.
The losses are more in turbulent flow because the fluid particles in turbulent flow are constantly colliding with each other and with the walls of the pipe. This causes the fluid to lose energy, which is manifested as a pressure drop.
Laminar flow is the most efficient type of fluid flow because the fluid particles move in smooth, parallel layers. This minimizes the amount of energy lost due to friction. However, laminar flow is not always possible. In some cases, the fluid velocity may be too high or the pipe may be too narrow for laminar flow to occur. In these cases, turbulent flow will occur.
Turbulent flow is less efficient than laminar flow because the fluid particles in turbulent flow are constantly colliding with each other and with the walls of the pipe. This causes the fluid to lose energy, which is manifested as a pressure drop. However, turbulent flow is more stable than laminar flow. This means that it is less likely to be affected by disturbances, such as changes in the pipe diameter or the presence of obstacles.
Critical flow is a type of fluid flow that occurs when the fluid velocity reaches a critical value. At this point, the fluid pressure drops to a minimum value and the fluid velocity reaches a maximum value. Critical flow is a very unstable type of flow and it is easily affected by disturbances.
In conclusion, the losses are more in turbulent flow because the fluid particles in turbulent flow are constantly colliding with each other and with the walls of the pipe. This causes the fluid to lose energy, which is manifested as a pressure drop.