The correct answer is: d) All of the above
The literacy rate in Manipur has shown significant improvement in recent decades. In 2001, the literacy rate was 64.1%, but by 2011, it had increased to 76.9%. This is a positive development, but it is important to note that there are still disparities in literacy rates between different groups in Manipur.
One of the most significant disparities is between male and female literacy rates. In 2011, the literacy rate for males was 81.2%, while the literacy rate for females was 72.6%. This means that there is a gap of 8.6 percentage points between male and female literacy rates.
Another disparity is between urban and rural literacy rates. In 2011, the literacy rate for people living in urban areas was 84.3%, while the literacy rate for people living in rural areas was 73.5%. This means that there is a gap of 10.8 percentage points between urban and rural literacy rates.
Finally, there is a disparity between hill districts and valley literacy rates. In 2011, the literacy rate for people living in hill districts was 69.1%, while the literacy rate for people living in valley districts was 82.3%. This means that there is a gap of 13.2 percentage points between hill districts and valley literacy rates.
These disparities are important to note because they can have a significant impact on people’s lives. People who are illiterate are less likely to be able to find good jobs, and they are also more likely to be poor and unhealthy. It is important to address these disparities in order to ensure that everyone in Manipur has the opportunity to succeed.