The language used in ancient inscriptions from Bihar such as the Ashokan edicts was:

Prakrit
Sanskrit
Pali
Apabhramsa

The correct answer is Prakrit.

Prakrit is a group of Middle Indo-Aryan languages that were spoken in India from the 6th century BCE to the 12th century CE. They are descended from Sanskrit, and are closely related to the modern Indo-Aryan languages of India.

Prakrit was the language of the common people in ancient India, and was used in literature, drama, and inscriptions. The Ashokan edicts, which are a series of stone inscriptions that were issued by the Mauryan emperor Ashoka in the 3rd century BCE, are written in Prakrit.

Sanskrit is a classical language of India that was used in literature, philosophy, and religion. It is descended from Proto-Indo-Aryan, and is the ancestor of the modern Indo-Aryan languages of India.

Pali is a Middle Indo-Aryan language that was used in the Buddhist scriptures. It is closely related to Prakrit, and is sometimes considered to be a dialect of Prakrit.

Apabhramsa is a Middle Indo-Aryan language that was spoken in India from the 6th century CE to the 12th century CE. It is descended from Prakrit, and is the ancestor of the modern Indo-Aryan languages of Gujarati, Marathi, and Rajasthani.

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