The ‘Kerala Model’ of development is characterized by emphasis on:

Heavy industrialization
Social welfare and human development
Free-market capitalism
Tourism-driven economy

The correct answer is: B) Social welfare and human development.

The Kerala Model of development is a development strategy that emphasizes social welfare and human development. It is based on the principles of equity, social justice, and sustainability. The model has been successful in reducing poverty, improving health and education, and promoting gender equality.

Heavy industrialization (option A) is a development strategy that emphasizes the development of heavy industries, such as steel, chemicals, and machinery. This type of development can lead to rapid economic growth, but it can also have negative environmental and social impacts.

Free-market capitalism (option C) is an economic system in which the means of production are privately owned and operated for profit. This type of system can lead to economic growth, but it can also lead to inequality and social problems.

Tourism-driven economy (option D) is an economy that relies heavily on tourism for income. This type of economy can be profitable, but it can also be vulnerable to changes in the global economy.

In conclusion, the Kerala Model of development is a development strategy that emphasizes social welfare and human development. It is based on the principles of equity, social justice, and sustainability. The model has been successful in reducing poverty, improving health and education, and promoting gender equality.