The correct answer is d) All of the above.
Carpooling and ride-sharing services can help in reducing traffic congestion by reducing the number of cars on the road. When people share rides, they are essentially taking one car instead of two or more. This can help to ease traffic congestion and improve air quality.
Carpooling and ride-sharing services can also help in sharing transportation costs. When people share rides, they are essentially splitting the cost of transportation. This can be a great way to save money, especially for people who commute long distances.
Finally, carpooling and ride-sharing services can help in promoting sustainable transportation. When people share rides, they are essentially reducing their reliance on cars. This can help to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and improve air quality.
In conclusion, carpooling and ride-sharing services can help in reducing traffic congestion, sharing transportation costs, and promoting sustainable transportation.