The correct answer is: a) The Central and State governments.
A federal government is a system of government in which power is divided between a central government and regional governments. The central government has authority over matters that affect the entire country, while the regional governments have authority over matters that affect only their own region.
India is a federal republic, which means that it is a country made up of several states. The Indian Constitution divides power between the central government and the state governments. The central government has power over matters such as defense, foreign affairs, and currency. The state governments have power over matters such as education, health, and law and order.
The Indian Constitution also provides for a system of checks and balances between the central government and the state governments. This means that neither the central government nor the state governments can become too powerful.
The Indian Constitution is a remarkable document that has helped to create a stable and prosperous country. It is a model for other countries that are trying to establish a federal system of government.
The other options are incorrect because:
- Option b) is incorrect because the Legislature and Judiciary are two branches of the central government.
- Option c) is incorrect because India is a secular country, which means that there is no official religion.
- Option d) is incorrect because India is a country with a large population of both urban and rural residents.