The correct answer is (b).
The Kesavananda Bharati case was a landmark decision of the Supreme Court of India in which the court held that the basic features of the Constitution are not amendable. The court also enunciated the doctrine of “basic features” of the Constitution, which are the essential features that cannot be amended.
The case was initiated by Kesavananda Bharati, a Hindu monk, who challenged the validity of the 24th Amendment to the Constitution, which had amended Article 368 to allow for the amendment of any provision of the Constitution. Bharati argued that the amendment was unconstitutional because it violated the basic features of the Constitution.
The Supreme Court held that the 24th Amendment was unconstitutional and that the basic features of the Constitution are not amendable. The court also enunciated the doctrine of “basic features” of the Constitution, which are the essential features that cannot be amended.
The doctrine of basic features has been used by the Supreme Court to strike down several amendments to the Constitution. It has also been used to protect the rights of citizens and to ensure that the government does not violate the Constitution.
The Kesavananda Bharati case is one of the most important cases in the history of the Supreme Court of India. It has had a profound impact on the interpretation of the Constitution and on the protection of the rights of citizens.
The other options are incorrect because:
(a) The Kesavananda Bharati case did not overrule any executive orders.
(c) The Kesavananda Bharati case did not embarrass the Union Government.