The correct answer is: b) Literacy, health, and standard of living.
The Human Development Index (HDI) is a composite statistic of life expectancy, education, and per capita income indicators, which are used to rank countries into four tiers of human development. A country scores higher if it performs better in these areas.
The HDI was developed by the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) in 1990 and is used to measure a country’s level of development. The HDI is based on the following three indicators:
- Life expectancy at birth: This indicator measures the average number of years a person is expected to live.
- Education: This indicator measures the mean years of schooling and expected years of schooling.
- Per capita income: This indicator measures the gross national income (GNI) per capita, adjusted for purchasing power parity.
The HDI is a valuable tool for measuring human development, but it has some limitations. One limitation is that it does not take into account inequality within countries. Another limitation is that it does not measure non-economic aspects of human development, such as environmental sustainability and social inclusion.
Despite its limitations, the HDI is a useful tool for measuring human development and for comparing the development of different countries.