The Gupta rulers patronised all cultural activities and thus the Gupta era came to be known as the ‘the Golden Era’ of Indian history.

The correct answer is: patronised.

The Gupta rulers were known for their patronage of the arts, sciences, and literature. They built many temples and monasteries, and supported many scholars and artists. This patronage helped to create a golden age of culture in India.

The other options are incorrect because they do not accurately describe the relationship between the Gupta rulers and cultural activities.

• Criticised means to express disapproval of something. The Gupta rulers did not criticize cultural activities; they supported them.
• Rejected means to refuse to accept something. The Gupta rulers did not reject cultural activities; they supported them.
• Opposed means to be against something. The Gupta rulers did not oppose cultural activities; they supported them.
• Spurned means to reject or refuse something with contempt. The Gupta rulers did not spurn cultural activities; they supported them.