The correct answer is: Infrastructure development and industrial growth.
The Gujarat Model of development is a state-led development model that emphasizes infrastructure development and industrial growth. It was adopted by the Gujarat government in the early 1990s, and has been credited with Gujarat’s rapid economic growth.
The Gujarat Model is based on the following principles:
- Pro-business environment: The Gujarat government has created a pro-business environment by providing tax breaks, subsidies, and other incentives to businesses.
- Infrastructure development: The Gujarat government has invested heavily in infrastructure, such as roads, bridges, ports, and airports.
- Industrial growth: The Gujarat government has promoted industrial growth by attracting foreign investment and providing support to local businesses.
- Social welfare: The Gujarat government has also invested in social welfare, such as education, healthcare, and poverty alleviation.
The Gujarat Model has been successful in achieving rapid economic growth. Gujarat’s GDP has grown at an average rate of 8% per year since the early 1990s. The state has also attracted significant foreign investment, and is now home to many multinational corporations.
However, the Gujarat Model has also been criticized for its focus on economic growth at the expense of social welfare. Critics argue that the state has not done enough to address the problems of poverty, inequality, and environmental degradation.
Despite these criticisms, the Gujarat Model remains popular among many Indians. It is seen as a model of development that can be replicated in other states.
The other options are incorrect because they do not accurately reflect the Gujarat Model of development.
- Social welfare and environmental sustainability: The Gujarat Model does not emphasize social welfare or environmental sustainability. The state has not done enough to address the problems of poverty, inequality, and environmental degradation.
- Centralized planning and government control: The Gujarat Model is not based on centralized planning and government control. The state has adopted a more market-oriented approach to development.
- Decentralized governance and community participation: The Gujarat Model does not emphasize decentralized governance and community participation. The state has a top-down approach to development.