The government of Punjab has initiatives in place for:

The correct answer is: d) All of the above

The government of Punjab has initiatives in place for afforestation, conservation of wetlands, and social forestry.

• Afforestation is the process of planting trees in an area where there were previously no trees. The government of Punjab has several afforestation programs in place, such as the Punjab Greening Mission and the Punjab Tree Plantation Programme. These programs aim to increase the forest cover in the state and to improve the environment.
• Conservation of wetlands is the protection of wetlands from degradation and destruction. Wetlands are important ecosystems that provide a variety of benefits, such as flood control, water purification, and habitat for wildlife. The government of Punjab has several initiatives in place to conserve wetlands, such as the Punjab Wetlands Conservation and Management Programme.
• Social forestry is a type of forestry that involves the participation of local communities in the management and conservation of forests. The government of Punjab has several social forestry programs in place, such as the Punjab Social Forestry Programme and the Punjab Joint Forest Management Programme. These programs aim to involve local communities in the management of forests and to improve the livelihoods of people living in and around forests.

These initiatives are important for the environment, the economy, and the people of Punjab. They help to improve air quality, reduce flooding, provide habitat for wildlife, and create jobs.