The correct answer is C) Budget deficit.
A budget deficit is the amount by which a government’s spending exceeds its revenue in a given fiscal year. Governments may resort to borrowing to cover a budget deficit in order to finance their operations.
A fiscal surplus is the amount by which a government’s revenue exceeds its spending in a given fiscal year. Governments may use a fiscal surplus to reduce the national debt, invest in infrastructure, or provide tax cuts.
A revenue deficit is the amount by which a government’s revenue falls short of its spending in a given fiscal year. Governments may resort to borrowing to cover a revenue deficit, or they may raise taxes or cut spending.
A trade surplus is the amount by which a country’s exports exceed its imports in a given year. Trade surpluses can lead to economic growth, as they provide businesses with more money to invest and expand. However, trade surpluses can also lead to trade disputes, as other countries may accuse the country with the surplus of unfair trade practices.