The correct answer is: A. carbon dioxide
Carbon dioxide is a gas that is produced when organic matter decomposes. It is also a byproduct of respiration and combustion. Carbon dioxide is colorless, odorless, and non-toxic. However, it can be harmful in high concentrations.
Lime water is a solution of calcium hydroxide. When carbon dioxide is passed through lime water, it reacts with the calcium hydroxide to form calcium carbonate. Calcium carbonate is a white solid that precipitates out of the solution, turning it milky.
The other options are incorrect because they do not react with lime water to form a precipitate.
- Carbon monoxide is a colorless, odorless, and poisonous gas. It is produced when carbon is burned in an incomplete combustion reaction. Carbon monoxide binds to hemoglobin in the blood, preventing it from carrying oxygen. This can lead to death.
- Ammonia is a colorless, pungent gas. It is produced by the decomposition of organic matter. Ammonia is used in fertilizers, explosives, and cleaning products.
- Nitrogen dioxide is a reddish-brown gas. It is produced by the combustion of fossil fuels. Nitrogen dioxide is a major contributor to acid rain.
I hope this helps!