The correct answer is: A) A.K. Gopalan.
A.K. Gopalan was a prominent Indian communist leader and politician. He was one of the founding members of the Communist Party of India (CPI) and served as its General Secretary from 1951 to 1962. He was also a member of the Rajya Sabha, the upper house of the Indian Parliament, from 1962 to 1970.
Gopalan was born in a poor family in Kerala in 1904. He joined the Indian National Congress (INC) in 1924 and became involved in the freedom struggle. He was arrested several times by the British colonial government for his political activities.
In 1934, Gopalan was one of the founding members of the CPI. He played a leading role in the party’s activities in Kerala. He was arrested again in 1942 during the Quit India Movement.
After India’s independence in 1947, Gopalan continued to be active in politics. He was elected to the Rajya Sabha in 1962. He served as the General Secretary of the CPI from 1951 to 1962.
Gopalan was a strong advocate for the rights of the working class and the poor. He was also a critic of the Indian government’s policies. He died in 1977.
The other options are incorrect because:
- B) P. Krishna Pillai was a member of the Indian National Congress (INC). He was a minister in the Kerala government from 1957 to 1960.
- C) E.M.S. Namboodiripad was a communist leader and politician. He was the first Chief Minister of Kerala from 1957 to 1959.
- D) K. Kelappan was a social reformer and freedom fighter. He was the founder of the Nair Service Society.