The correct answer is: d) All of the above.
The Forest Rights Act (FRA) 2006 is a landmark legislation that recognizes the rights of forest-dwelling communities, including tribals, over forest land and resources. The Act was enacted to address the historical injustice done to these communities, who have been denied their rights to land and resources for centuries.
The FRA recognizes the following rights of forest-dwelling communities:
- The right to hold and live in forest land
- The right to access and use forest land and resources for livelihood
- The right to protect and manage forest land and resources
- The right to participate in decision-making on forest management
The FRA also recognizes the role of forest-dwelling communities in forest conservation. The Act states that these communities have a traditional knowledge and practice of forest management that is essential for the conservation of forests. The FRA also provides for the involvement of these communities in forest management planning and implementation.
The FRA is a significant step towards ensuring the rights of forest-dwelling communities and promoting their participation in forest conservation. The Act has the potential to improve the livelihoods of these communities and contribute to the conservation of forests.
Here is a brief explanation of each option:
- Option (a): The FRA recognizes the individual and community rights of tribals over forest land. This includes the right to hold and live in forest land, the right to access and use forest land and resources for livelihood, the right to protect and manage forest land and resources, and the right to participate in decision-making on forest management.
- Option (b): The FRA recognizes the role of tribals in forest conservation. The Act states that these communities have a traditional knowledge and practice of forest management that is essential for the conservation of forests. The FRA also provides for the involvement of these communities in forest management planning and implementation.
- Option (c): The FRA recognizes the need to balance tribal livelihoods with conservation. The Act states that the rights of forest-dwelling communities must be balanced with the need for forest conservation. The FRA also provides for the involvement of these communities in forest management planning and implementation, which will help to ensure that their livelihoods are taken into account.
I hope this helps!