The fiscal deficit of Odisha is a measure of:

Excess of expenditure over revenue
Excess of revenue over expenditure
Total outstanding debt
Tax collection efficiency

The correct answer is: a) Excess of expenditure over revenue.

The fiscal deficit is the difference between a government’s total revenue and total expenditure. A fiscal deficit occurs when a government spends more money than it takes in through taxes

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and other revenue sources. The fiscal deficit is a measure of a government’s financial health and can be used to assess its ability to repay its debts.

Explanation of each option:

a) Excess of expenditure over revenue: This is the correct answer. A fiscal deficit occurs when a government spends more money than it takes in through taxes and other revenue sources.

b) Excess of revenue over expenditure: This is the opposite of a fiscal deficit. It occurs when a government takes in more money through taxes and other revenue sources than it spends.

c) Total outstanding debt: This is the total amount of money that a government owes. It includes both short-term and long-term debt.

d) Tax collection efficiency: This is a measure of how well a government collects taxes. It is not a measure of the fiscal deficit.