The correct answer is (a) Calcutta.
The first Mayor’s Court in India was established in 1687 in Calcutta, which was then the capital of British India. The court was established by the British East India Company to administer justice to its employees and their families. The court was presided over by a mayor, who was elected by the company’s employees. The court had jurisdiction over civil and criminal cases.
The other options are incorrect. Madras was founded in 1639, Bombay was founded in 1661, and Patna was founded in 1540. None of these cities had a Mayor’s Court in 1687.
The Mayor’s Court was an important institution in the history of British India. It was the first court in India to be established by the British East India Company, and it played a significant role in the administration of justice in India. The court was also a symbol of British power and authority in India.