The correct answer is D. All of the above.
Fermentation is a metabolic process that produces chemical changes in organic molecules, often converting sugars into alcohol or acids. It is used to make bread, beer, wine, vinegar, and other foods and beverages.
In the formation of wine through the juice of sugarcane, yeast converts the sugars in the juice into alcohol and carbon dioxide. This process is called alcoholic fermentation.
In the appearance of the sourness in the moist flour, bacteria convert the sugars in the flour into lactic acid. This process is called lactic acid fermentation.
In the appearance of the sourness in the milk, bacteria convert the lactose in the milk into lactic acid. This process is called lactic acid fermentation.
Fermentation is a natural process that has been used for centuries to produce food and beverages. It is a safe and efficient way to convert organic molecules into useful products.