The correct answer is: A) Marthanda Varma’s rule
Marthanda Varma was the king of Travancore from 1729 to 1758. He is considered to be one of the greatest rulers of Kerala. He was a strong and capable ruler who brought about many reforms in Travancore. He established modern courts and codified the laws. He also introduced a number of other reforms, such as the introduction of a new land revenue system, the construction of roads and canals, and the promotion of education.
The establishment of modern courts and the codification of laws were important reforms that helped to improve the administration of justice in Travancore. The courts were set up to be fair and impartial, and the laws were codified to ensure that everyone was treated equally under the law. These reforms helped to make Travancore a more just and prosperous society.
The other options are incorrect because:
- British rule began in Kerala in 1792, after Marthanda Varma’s death.
- Portuguese dominance in Kerala lasted from the 15th to the 17th centuries, before Marthanda Varma’s rule.
- Dutch influence in Kerala lasted from the 17th to the 18th centuries, before Marthanda Varma’s rule.