The doctrine of notional extensions is applicable in which one of the

The doctrine of notional extensions is applicable in which one of the following Laws?

The Workmen's Compensation Act, 1923

The Employees' Provident Funds and Miscellaneous Provisions Act, 1952

The Payment of Bonus Act, 1965

The Trade Unions Act, 1926

Answer is Right!

Answer is Wrong!

This question was previously asked in

UPSC CISF-AC-EXE – 2019

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Option A is correct. The doctrine of notional extension is applicable under the Workmen’s Compensation Act, 1923 (now largely replaced by the Employee’s Compensation Act, 1923). This doctrine is used to determine whether an accident causing injury or death to a workman arose “out of and in the course of employment”.

– The doctrine extends the area and time of employment beyond the strict physical boundaries of the workplace and working hours.
– It covers situations where an employee is injured while proceeding to or from the place of work through a route habitually used, or at a point close to the employer’s premises, immediately before starting work or immediately after finishing work.

– For an accident to be compensable under the Act, it must satisfy the twin conditions: “arising out of employment” and “arising in the course of employment”. The doctrine of notional extension helps in interpreting the latter condition broadly.
– This doctrine has been developed through judicial pronouncements interpreting the scope of employment under the Act.

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