The correct answer is: a) The victory of Ashoka in the Kalinga War.
The Dhauli Shanti Stupa (Peace Pagoda) is a Buddhist monument located in Dhauli, Odisha, India. It was built by the Mauryan emperor Ashoka in the 3rd century BCE to commemorate his victory over the Kalinga Kingdom in the Kalinga War. The stupa is a large, hemispherical structure that is surrounded by a stone railing. It is inscribed with edicts of Ashoka, which describe his remorse for the violence of the war and his commitment to non-violence.
The Dhauli Shanti Stupa is a UNESCO World Heritage Site. It is one of the most important Buddhist monuments in India. It is a popular tourist destination and a place of pilgrimage for Buddhists.
The other options are incorrect because:
- Option b) is incorrect because the Dhauli Shanti Stupa was built by Ashoka, not Gautama Buddha.
- Option c) is incorrect because the Dhauli Shanti Stupa was built to commemorate Ashoka’s victory in the Kalinga War, not the establishment of Jainism in Odisha.
- Option d) is incorrect because the Dhauli Shanti Stupa was built by Ashoka, not a great Odisha king.