The correct answer is (c) 1991-2001.
The decadal growth rate of population in India is the percentage increase in the population of India over a period of ten years. The decadal growth rate of population in India has been declining over the years. The decadal growth rate of population in India was 24.75% during 1961-1971, 25.00% during 1971-1981, 23.85% during 1981-1991, and 21.54% during 1991-2001. The decadal growth rate of population in India was lowest during 1991-2001.
There are a number of factors that have contributed to the decline in the decadal growth rate of population in India. These factors include:
- The decline in the fertility rate in India. The fertility rate in India has declined from 5.2 children per woman in 1961 to 2.2 children per woman in 2011.
- The increase in the use of contraception in India. The use of contraception in India has increased from 10% in 1961 to 56% in 2011.
- The increase in the age at marriage in India. The average age at marriage for women in India has increased from 16.6 years in 1961 to 21.1 years in 2011.
- The increase in the level of education in India. The literacy rate in India has increased from 18% in 1961 to 74% in 2011.
- The increase in the level of urbanization in India. The urbanization rate in India has increased from 17% in 1961 to 31% in 2011.
The decline in the decadal growth rate of population in India is a positive development. It will help to reduce the pressure on natural resources and infrastructure in India. It will also help to improve the quality of life for the people of India.